Skip to the study
James Dimachkie
Menu
All work

Receiver Reliance

Checking what an agent can rely on.

I studied when one AI agent should rely on another’s work, using 1,805 synthetic episodes to test a structural check at the handoff.

0 improper handoffs. 80 of 162 seeded tasks done.

In the seeded conditions, the check stopped every specified improper handoff. It also stopped useful work: 80 of 162 seeded tasks completed, against 150 of 151 with transparent release. Wrong answers with coherent paperwork passed every arm.

DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22492561

Reproduce it offline: download the archive and start at study/2026-1/full-treatment/README.md.

Me
I chose the research question, directed the study and decided to publish its costs and negative findings.
AI
Substantial assistance: specification, implementation, mathematical analysis, execution, review and writing.
A decision at the receiving boundaryAn exact work product, its evidence, and the intended use feed a structural check. The host releases work after a pass; otherwise it may repair or hold. Answer correctness requires a separate check.Exact workproductEvidenceIntendeduseReceiving decisionRepair or holdRelease on pass
The check makes a decision. The host supplies the facts and enforces it.

The question behind the study

I wanted to separate two questions a team faces when designing an AI workflow: where to check a handoff, and what work the check might stop. The study measures those effects in its constructed setting. It does not show that a checked answer is correct or establish performance in a real workplace.

Read the one-page abstract

Why I amended the sample.

Situation
After collection began, the practical initial-stage sample was the first 1,800 scheduled entries plus the five remaining controls; 619 original assignments had to be deferred.
Decision
I amended the sample before the endpoint analysis and kept all 24 semantic controls. I included the amendment in the paper alongside the completion cost and the controls that every arm failed.
Reason
I wanted the published account to reflect the sample actually collected. The analysis equally weights predefined condition, task and workflow cells, which keeps the amended sample interpretable. Omitting the amendment would make the result harder to check.
What changed
The published record carries the amendment, the 80 of 162 seeded completions and the zero correct answers on the semantic controls beside the positive finding. It is not a publicly preregistered full-sample study, and it says so.
See the sample design and internal review

Check it yourself.

The finding and its cost are in the record.
The completion table below shows 80 of 162 seeded tasks under the check against 150 of 151 with transparent release; the Zenodo record holds the papers, the nineteen checkpoint archives, the analysis outputs and SHA-256 checksums for every file.
The check does not make answers correct.
The section on semantic controls reports zero correct final answers in every arm on the 24 controls; I discuss that failure as a limit of the study.
What the internal checks cannot establish.
The reproduction is same-operator and computational; the reviewers were inside one operator’s project. There is no external peer review and no field trial, and the record says so.

What the receiving decision checks

An output can be authentic, current, and authorized for a particular use while still being wrong. I used RR to ask a narrower operational question: does the available evidence support this receiver’s use of this exact work product for this exact operation?

Consider a subtotal passed between agents.

The declaration might describe an older revision. It might cover a different use. A structural check can detect a specified mismatch when the host supplies the necessary facts.

If the declaration, revision, and use all match but the subtotal is wrong, the relationship can pass. Checking the arithmetic needs something else.

The complete procedure checks whether inputs are admissible, the named objects and records match, the required conditions hold, and the chain of earlier work supports the handoff. The host gathers observations and enforces the decision. A hash binds an identity; facts about the outside world still need independent verification.

How the four policies were compared

I compared the complete declared RR procedure with transparent release and two fixed static checking policies. Each arm ran its own model trajectory under the same host rules.

U releases work after the shared admission checks. S4 and S1 use the same static comparator with thresholds of four and one, fixed before the observed outcomes. R uses the complete operational RR procedure. The static policies do not implement the complete dynamic relationship checks, so this comparison does not establish superiority over an equally expressive conventional policy.

Tasks
Sum groups of integers; select item identifiers by grade and count.
Workflows
One receiver, a three-receiver chain, and a four-receiver fork/join.
Conditions
625 episodes with constructed administrative defects; 1,156 clean episodes; 24 separate semantic controls.
Runtime
A pinned Qwen3 14B model through Ollama on a qualified Colab A100 GPU, with an honest controller.
Comparators
Transparent release (U), the original static policy (S4), and the same static policy at a lower threshold (S1).
Sample design, measurement, and internal review

The initial-stage sample was amended after collection began and before endpoint analysis: the first 1,800 scheduled entries plus five remaining controls. All 24 controls were retained; 619 original assignments were deferred. This was not a publicly preregistered full-sample study.

The analysis equally weighted predefined condition, task, and workflow cells. All 1,805 episode measurements were valid under the declared checks. Task success was assessed separately.

Nineteen checkpoint archives were verified locally. An internal reviewer independently recomputed all six estimates and bounds and examined twelve predetermined traces. This was neither a second full evidence census nor independent human replication.

Read the methods and assumptions

The measured effects and completion cost

Four constructed conditions tested missing or mismatched declarations, an expired local grant, and delivery at a different revision. The structural endpoint counted receiver presentations with a currently evidenced defect, per episode.

Compare the measured effects

Fewer improper handoffs in the seeded conditions.

RR minus each comparator, in improper presentations per episode. Negative values mean less structural exposure under RR.

Transparent release−1.000[−1.599, −0.401]
Static policy, S4−1.000[−1.596, −0.404]
Static policy, S1−0.750[−1.334, −0.166]
Points are equally weighted estimates; lines show conditional simultaneous intervals. The six contrasts have at least 95.3125% joint coverage under the declared sampling and runtime assumptions. These are synthetic study results, not field incident rates.
All six estimates and intervals

Scroll sideways to see all four columns.

RR minus comparator. Structural exposure is a count per episode; clean completion is in percentage points.
OutcomeComparatorEstimateConditional interval
Structural exposureU−1.000[−1.599, −0.401]
Structural exposureS4−1.000[−1.596, −0.404]
Structural exposureS1−0.750[−1.334, −0.166]
Clean completionU−0.375[−14.973, +14.224]
Clean completionS4+0.888[−13.831, +15.607]
Clean completionS1−0.429[−15.362, +14.505]

What happened to task completion

RR had no observed improper presentations in the seeded population. It also correctly completed only 80 of 162 seeded tasks, compared with 150/151, 154/155, and 139/157 under the alternatives.

Scroll sideways to see all three columns.

Correctly completed tasks
PolicyWith seeded defectsClean conditions
Transparent release150 / 151298 / 299
Static policy, S4154 / 155286 / 291
Static policy, S1139 / 157273 / 274
Receiver Reliance80 / 162290 / 292
Observed completion counts over the realized draws. These descriptive fractions differ from the equally weighted estimates above; bar lengths show the fraction completed, on a common 0–100% scale.

A first rejection allowed one administrative refetch without changing the answer. A persistent defect then held the receiver and prevented dependent work. RR recorded 162 such retries and 81 held receivers in the seeded population.

Clean-task intervals include both benefit and harm. They establish neither a utility gain nor equivalence or noninferiority. Fewer model calls on seeded tasks partly reflect stopped work; they do not establish equal-quality efficiency.

Why wrong answers still passed

Every arm completed its six semantic-control trajectories. Every arm produced zero correct final answers.

The semantic controls deliberately changed an answer while keeping its structural relationships coherent. Receivers did not have the original source data needed to recompute it. I interpret this as propagation under that task design; it does not establish a general limit on a model’s ability to recover.

RR supplied no semantic repair. A valid relationship between an object, its evidence, and its use is not a guarantee of a correct answer.

Earlier findings and the published record

This study is part of a longer investigation. I kept the earlier results in the record, but those experiments tested different interventions and cannot be pooled with this study.

A narrower operational relation
A conventional implementation matched RR in the earlier experiments. That parity remains part of the record alongside this new full-package result.
A learned policy
In a separate ten-seed experiment, every final learned policy underperformed a simple heuristic.
A prompt-based review instruction
An eighteen-family pilot found no demonstrated benefit, with a wide interval and acknowledged grading uncertainty.

What the internal review establishes

I was the project’s sole operator, and the reviewers worked within it. The paper includes the corrections and negative results. The internal checks make those results easier to inspect, but they are not external peer review or independent human replication.

Published and computationally reproduced

The offline analysis passed on the original Windows machine and in a fresh Linux container with networking disabled. Scores and accounting matched byte for byte; only the report timestamp changed. This is same-operator computational reproduction of the recorded evidence, not a new model run or independent replication.

Claude Fable 5.1 reviewed the publication package and judged the final archive ready for release within its stated review scope. That internal AI review is published alongside the exact files and checksums. The archive includes the frozen source, all nineteen raw checkpoint archives, analysis outputs, and the tested reproduction instructions.

View the published record, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22492561

What I would need to test next

When is a prevented violation worth the legitimate work withheld? The answer depends on the workflow, the consequence of violating its requirements, and the cost of holding or repairing a handoff.

To answer that, I would need to measure the costs in an authentic workflow against an equally expressive conventional policy. That comparison has not been performed. The historical public/adversarial program also remains unexecuted.

This study establishes a bounded effect of the tested package. It does not establish field efficacy, general AI safety, semantic correctness, component causation, a novel security primitive, or production readiness.

How one changed fact affects the handoff

These three examples from the earlier software give a receiving agent a single-use grant. Each changes one reported fact. Open a case to see the resulting classification.

Recorded reference-engine output from the earlier public software, illustrating operation OBL-26. These are fixed examples, separate from the full-treatment study above.

Complete records

The original handoff

SATISFIED
VALID

The supplied records satisfy this operation’s requirements. The host still has to establish that those records are authentic and enforce its own action policy.

Inspect the published request and response

Request

{
  "decision_input": {
    "facts": {
      "consumption_state": "UNUSED",
      "effect_receipt_count": 1,
      "effect_sha256": "2699FD9A24F8C15A054D43917ED899BC192760B937AAE059AF05F7B76D1A100C",
      "execution_receipt_effect_sha256": "2699FD9A24F8C15A054D43917ED899BC192760B937AAE059AF05F7B76D1A100C",
      "grant_expires_at": 100,
      "grant_not_before": 0,
      "invocation_nonce": "NONCE_GRANT_0042_USE_1",
      "invocation_time": 50,
      "prior_invocation_nonces": [],
      "revocation_checked_at": 50,
      "revoked_at": null
    },
    "format_version": "B1-SEMANTIC-FACTS-0.2",
    "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198"
  },
  "format_version": "B1-SEMANTIC-DECISION-REQUEST-0.2",
  "inner_input_sha256": "8E5DBDA32D2A5337FC88E6900CEC333C6F811BA30F11B486C69151E4522CB52C",
  "inner_request": {
    "configuration_handle": "CFG_B06BCAAB0F5713B75AC0F126",
    "format_version": "PCB-RUNNER-REQUEST-0.2",
    "input": {
      "bundle_id": "BUNDLE_BASELINE_0_2",
      "capabilities": [],
      "claim_versions": [],
      "closure_attestations": [
        {
          "closed_record_classes": [],
          "closed_through": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "closure_attestation_id": "CLOSURE_001",
          "committed_frontier": 0,
          "ledger_id": "LEDGER_001",
          "source_extent": [],
          "verification_method_ref": "SYNTHETIC"
        }
      ],
      "declaration_records": [],
      "domain_mandate_records": [],
      "domain_vocabulary": {
        "canonicalization_method_ref": "RFC8785",
        "domain_id": "DOMAIN_BASELINE",
        "purpose_entries": [
          {
            "description": "Synthetic purpose",
            "id": "PURPOSE_A"
          }
        ],
        "scope_entries": [
          {
            "description": "Synthetic scope",
            "id": "SCOPE_A"
          }
        ],
        "selector_language_id": "EH-SELECTOR-CORE-0_1",
        "vocabulary_id": "VOCABULARY_BASELINE",
        "vocabulary_version": "0.2"
      },
      "episodes": [],
      "format_version": "EH-G0-A2-SHARED-0.1",
      "ledger_observations": [
        {
          "action_or_decision_ref": "ACTION_000000000000000000000001",
          "captured_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "committed_frontier": 0,
          "decision_context_ref": "DECISION_CONTEXT_001",
          "included_record_refs": [],
          "ledger_id": "LEDGER_001",
          "nonce": "NONCE_001"
        }
      ],
      "observable_external_facts": [
        {
          "external_fact_id": "FACT_001",
          "fact": "fixture_case=PCB-FX-OBL-26-IO-B6C9BC87CBC54DD6",
          "observed_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z"
        }
      ],
      "recorded_action_grants": [],
      "recorded_support_assessments": [],
      "source_records": [],
      "use_records": [
        {
          "action_or_decision_ref": "ACTION_000000000000000000000001",
          "decision_context_ref": "DECISION_CONTEXT_001",
          "declared_basis_refs": [],
          "episode_id": "EPISODE_001",
          "exact_claim_version_id": "CLAIM_VERSION_001",
          "occurred_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "purpose_id": "PURPOSE_A",
          "receiver_capability_id": "RECEIVER_001",
          "scope_id": "SCOPE_A",
          "use_id": "USE_RECORD_001"
        }
      ]
    },
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
    "request_id": "RUN_79C6159D70C325864718621F"
  },
  "inner_request_raw_sha256": "43966818156C97E34FC342A0DCD12DD3A4E254B11AA4207DF887C08743D6FE93",
  "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
  "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
  "request_id": "RUN_79C6159D70C325864718621F"
}

Recorded response

{
  "errors": [],
  "exit_code": 0,
  "format_version": "PCB-RUNNER-RESPONSE-0.2",
  "ok": true,
  "output": {
    "effect_receipt_sha256": "0FE2186FEF799740549FB09E2DE9C9301224F6AEBA2DA11407A3C6E30B169042",
    "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
    "record_references": [],
    "result_object": {
      "behavior_class": "VALID",
      "conclusion": "SATISFIED"
    },
    "status": "PASS",
    "unresolved_reasons": []
  },
  "receipt_sha256": "80E1246BD487952B6265AFD78D079F624E83679B95BD0215EF37444928FE0A10",
  "request_id": "RUN_79C6159D70C325864718621F",
  "result": "PASS"
}

Whitespace is expanded for reading. The published response bytes have SHA-256 0ed564514a2a2d8f7ccfbdc1a50ea12db32ab5eb96f865d33c3a9ab8490020ac.

Open the original fixture
Revocation was not checked

revocation_checked_at: null

VIOLATED
BINDING_OR_CONFLICT

No recorded revocation does not establish that anyone checked before use. This operation requires that check, so the supplied profile violates the requirement.

Inspect the published request and response

Request

{
  "decision_input": {
    "facts": {
      "consumption_state": "UNUSED",
      "effect_receipt_count": 1,
      "effect_sha256": "2699FD9A24F8C15A054D43917ED899BC192760B937AAE059AF05F7B76D1A100C",
      "execution_receipt_effect_sha256": "2699FD9A24F8C15A054D43917ED899BC192760B937AAE059AF05F7B76D1A100C",
      "grant_expires_at": 100,
      "grant_not_before": 0,
      "invocation_nonce": "NONCE_GRANT_0042_USE_1",
      "invocation_time": 50,
      "prior_invocation_nonces": [],
      "revocation_checked_at": null,
      "revoked_at": null
    },
    "format_version": "B1-SEMANTIC-FACTS-0.2",
    "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198"
  },
  "format_version": "B1-SEMANTIC-DECISION-REQUEST-0.2",
  "inner_input_sha256": "8E5DBDA32D2A5337FC88E6900CEC333C6F811BA30F11B486C69151E4522CB52C",
  "inner_request": {
    "configuration_handle": "CFG_B06BCAAB0F5713B75AC0F126",
    "format_version": "PCB-RUNNER-REQUEST-0.2",
    "input": {
      "bundle_id": "BUNDLE_BASELINE_0_2",
      "capabilities": [],
      "claim_versions": [],
      "closure_attestations": [
        {
          "closed_record_classes": [],
          "closed_through": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "closure_attestation_id": "CLOSURE_001",
          "committed_frontier": 0,
          "ledger_id": "LEDGER_001",
          "source_extent": [],
          "verification_method_ref": "SYNTHETIC"
        }
      ],
      "declaration_records": [],
      "domain_mandate_records": [],
      "domain_vocabulary": {
        "canonicalization_method_ref": "RFC8785",
        "domain_id": "DOMAIN_BASELINE",
        "purpose_entries": [
          {
            "description": "Synthetic purpose",
            "id": "PURPOSE_A"
          }
        ],
        "scope_entries": [
          {
            "description": "Synthetic scope",
            "id": "SCOPE_A"
          }
        ],
        "selector_language_id": "EH-SELECTOR-CORE-0_1",
        "vocabulary_id": "VOCABULARY_BASELINE",
        "vocabulary_version": "0.2"
      },
      "episodes": [],
      "format_version": "EH-G0-A2-SHARED-0.1",
      "ledger_observations": [
        {
          "action_or_decision_ref": "ACTION_000000000000000000000001",
          "captured_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "committed_frontier": 0,
          "decision_context_ref": "DECISION_CONTEXT_001",
          "included_record_refs": [],
          "ledger_id": "LEDGER_001",
          "nonce": "NONCE_001"
        }
      ],
      "observable_external_facts": [
        {
          "external_fact_id": "FACT_001",
          "fact": "fixture_case=PCB-FX-OBL-26-IO-B6C9BC87CBC54DD6",
          "observed_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z"
        }
      ],
      "recorded_action_grants": [],
      "recorded_support_assessments": [],
      "source_records": [],
      "use_records": [
        {
          "action_or_decision_ref": "ACTION_000000000000000000000001",
          "decision_context_ref": "DECISION_CONTEXT_001",
          "declared_basis_refs": [],
          "episode_id": "EPISODE_001",
          "exact_claim_version_id": "CLAIM_VERSION_001",
          "occurred_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "purpose_id": "PURPOSE_A",
          "receiver_capability_id": "RECEIVER_001",
          "scope_id": "SCOPE_A",
          "use_id": "USE_RECORD_001"
        }
      ]
    },
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
    "request_id": "RUN_C7E09F7DD66624252460E2FD"
  },
  "inner_request_raw_sha256": "5AF1C2F57C7572C9E5058C4FBEC43F8008983A6841A029F130BB9AAD49A77E21",
  "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
  "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
  "request_id": "RUN_C7E09F7DD66624252460E2FD"
}

Recorded response

{
  "errors": [],
  "exit_code": 1,
  "format_version": "PCB-RUNNER-RESPONSE-0.2",
  "ok": true,
  "output": {
    "effect_receipt_sha256": null,
    "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
    "record_references": [],
    "result_object": {
      "behavior_class": "BINDING_OR_CONFLICT",
      "conclusion": "VIOLATED"
    },
    "status": "FAIL",
    "unresolved_reasons": []
  },
  "receipt_sha256": "243BD3DCAB343EC19E0969C21F9C40CD8FF44FF46C8E576E57F336B36C9BB4BF",
  "request_id": "RUN_C7E09F7DD66624252460E2FD",
  "result": "FAIL"
}

Whitespace is expanded for reading. The published response bytes have SHA-256 39bd0885e84ebc41be164c7fe5998d4322b5f44b8b01a9871236cbc5f51e4cf4.

Open the original fixture
The records disagree

consumption_state: CONSUMED

UNRESOLVED
OMISSION_OR_INCOMPLETE

The grant is marked as spent, but the record contains no prior invocation. The supplied basis is inconsistent; the engine leaves the result unresolved.

Inspect the published request and response

Request

{
  "decision_input": {
    "facts": {
      "consumption_state": "CONSUMED",
      "effect_receipt_count": 1,
      "effect_sha256": "2699FD9A24F8C15A054D43917ED899BC192760B937AAE059AF05F7B76D1A100C",
      "execution_receipt_effect_sha256": "2699FD9A24F8C15A054D43917ED899BC192760B937AAE059AF05F7B76D1A100C",
      "grant_expires_at": 100,
      "grant_not_before": 0,
      "invocation_nonce": "NONCE_GRANT_0042_USE_1",
      "invocation_time": 50,
      "prior_invocation_nonces": [],
      "revocation_checked_at": 50,
      "revoked_at": null
    },
    "format_version": "B1-SEMANTIC-FACTS-0.2",
    "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198"
  },
  "format_version": "B1-SEMANTIC-DECISION-REQUEST-0.2",
  "inner_input_sha256": "8E5DBDA32D2A5337FC88E6900CEC333C6F811BA30F11B486C69151E4522CB52C",
  "inner_request": {
    "configuration_handle": "CFG_B06BCAAB0F5713B75AC0F126",
    "format_version": "PCB-RUNNER-REQUEST-0.2",
    "input": {
      "bundle_id": "BUNDLE_BASELINE_0_2",
      "capabilities": [],
      "claim_versions": [],
      "closure_attestations": [
        {
          "closed_record_classes": [],
          "closed_through": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "closure_attestation_id": "CLOSURE_001",
          "committed_frontier": 0,
          "ledger_id": "LEDGER_001",
          "source_extent": [],
          "verification_method_ref": "SYNTHETIC"
        }
      ],
      "declaration_records": [],
      "domain_mandate_records": [],
      "domain_vocabulary": {
        "canonicalization_method_ref": "RFC8785",
        "domain_id": "DOMAIN_BASELINE",
        "purpose_entries": [
          {
            "description": "Synthetic purpose",
            "id": "PURPOSE_A"
          }
        ],
        "scope_entries": [
          {
            "description": "Synthetic scope",
            "id": "SCOPE_A"
          }
        ],
        "selector_language_id": "EH-SELECTOR-CORE-0_1",
        "vocabulary_id": "VOCABULARY_BASELINE",
        "vocabulary_version": "0.2"
      },
      "episodes": [],
      "format_version": "EH-G0-A2-SHARED-0.1",
      "ledger_observations": [
        {
          "action_or_decision_ref": "ACTION_000000000000000000000001",
          "captured_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "committed_frontier": 0,
          "decision_context_ref": "DECISION_CONTEXT_001",
          "included_record_refs": [],
          "ledger_id": "LEDGER_001",
          "nonce": "NONCE_001"
        }
      ],
      "observable_external_facts": [
        {
          "external_fact_id": "FACT_001",
          "fact": "fixture_case=PCB-FX-OBL-26-IO-B6C9BC87CBC54DD6",
          "observed_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z"
        }
      ],
      "recorded_action_grants": [],
      "recorded_support_assessments": [],
      "source_records": [],
      "use_records": [
        {
          "action_or_decision_ref": "ACTION_000000000000000000000001",
          "decision_context_ref": "DECISION_CONTEXT_001",
          "declared_basis_refs": [],
          "episode_id": "EPISODE_001",
          "exact_claim_version_id": "CLAIM_VERSION_001",
          "occurred_at": "2026-08-08T00:00:00Z",
          "purpose_id": "PURPOSE_A",
          "receiver_capability_id": "RECEIVER_001",
          "scope_id": "SCOPE_A",
          "use_id": "USE_RECORD_001"
        }
      ]
    },
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
    "request_id": "RUN_4F5C2C4E04DB160D8E03DBF6"
  },
  "inner_request_raw_sha256": "DD9C0D20518799535BF1C6FF2B944F18356BC233B143A8CECA54863CEA65431D",
  "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
  "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
  "request_id": "RUN_4F5C2C4E04DB160D8E03DBF6"
}

Recorded response

{
  "errors": [],
  "exit_code": 1,
  "format_version": "PCB-RUNNER-RESPONSE-0.2",
  "ok": true,
  "output": {
    "effect_receipt_sha256": null,
    "obligation_id": "OBL-26",
    "operation_handle": "OPR_2B12C8F8D4240FDA61CDA198",
    "record_references": [],
    "result_object": {
      "behavior_class": "OMISSION_OR_INCOMPLETE",
      "conclusion": "UNRESOLVED"
    },
    "status": "FAIL",
    "unresolved_reasons": [
      "OBL-26: authoritative semantic basis is absent or inconsistent"
    ]
  },
  "receipt_sha256": "FD85B00CD22573D269E7C23A5D24EF66FF807177D79BCA1DD1EF4E75E6963CE9",
  "request_id": "RUN_4F5C2C4E04DB160D8E03DBF6",
  "result": "FAIL"
}

Whitespace is expanded for reading. The published response bytes have SHA-256 8bc2f92e35c51b1d75b30c8ad08ff66e45b8f8e755f7be0f1e68ddfa6633adbf.

Open the original fixture

The browser switches between recorded examples. It does not run the engine, verify a real grant, or authorize an action. The host owns fact collection, provenance, and enforcement.

Reproduce these three cases from the published example

Read the papers and source evidence

Choose the depth you need: the finding in one page, its meaning and tradeoffs in five, or the methods and evidence in twenty. Start with a reading edition online. For working relative source links in a PDF, download and extract the complete archive below.

The abstract

The question, finding and limits of the evidence.

The short study

The result, completion tradeoff, and interpretation.

The full study

Methods, uncertainty, earlier results, and the reproduction guide.

These three PDFs are identical to the editions published on September 6, 2026 in Zenodo version 2026-1-full-treatment. Earlier research accounts are preserved inside the archive. The earlier software release, v1.3.0, is a separate historical artifact. The completed study’s findings and limits remain unchanged.

For the complete evidence and working relative source links, download and extract the Zenodo archive, then begin at study/2026-1/full-treatment/README.md. The original collection environment’s exact OS, CUDA, and cuDNN versions were not retained; that limitation is disclosed in the reproduction guide.

If you’d like to discuss
the study, get in touch.

Talk with me about the research